Graded Inconel-stainless steel multi-material structure by inter- and intralayer variation of metal alloys

Additively manufactured multi-metal hybrid structures can be designed as functionally graded materials providing an optimized response at specific positions for particular applications. In this study, liquid dispersed metal powder bed fusion is used to synthesize a structure based on Inconel 625 (IN625) and stainless steel 316L (S316L) regions, built S316L base plate. Both alloys alternate several times along the build direction well within individual sublayers. The sample was investigated by optical microscopy, scanning electron microhardness measurements, nanoindentation energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Cross-sectional synchrotron micro-diffraction 2D mapping carried out high-energy material science beamline of storage ring PETRAIII in Hamburg. Sharp morphological S316L-to-IN625 interfaces sample's are observed micro- nanoscale. A gradual phase transition encompassing about 1 mm revealed transverse direction. Mechanical properties change gradually following abrupt or smooth transitions between where higher strength determined superalloy. two-dimensional distribution phases assessed indirectly IN625 possess <110> <100> fiber crystallographic texture, respectively. Tensile residual stresses ∼900 ∼800 MPa perpendicular it, respectively, evaluated from measured elastic strains. Generally, study indicates possibilities limitations additive manufacturing with unique synergetic contributes understanding optimization structurally advanced composites.